.paperdigest-article-page {
  --pd-article-bg: radial-gradient(140% 160% at 0% 0%, #f5f7ff 0%, #f6fffa 48%, #fffcef 100%);
  --pd-article-fg: #122138;
  --pd-article-muted: #556483;
  --pd-article-soft: #f7faff;
  --pd-article-soft-2: #edf1ff;
  --pd-article-border: #d6deee;
  --pd-article-border-strong: #b8c7e7;
  --pd-article-card: #ffffff;
  --pd-article-ink: #122138;
  --pd-article-accent: #0f8a74;
  --pd-article-accent-2: #1f5eff;
  --pd-article-warm: #edf1ff;
  --pd-article-info: #e8fff5;
  --pd-article-warning: #fff2f5;
  --pd-article-radius: 18px;
  --pd-article-shadow: 0 18px 40px rgba(22, 43, 82, 0.12);
  --pd-article-serif: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
  --pd-article-sans: ui-sans-serif, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
  --pd-article-max: none;
  background: var(--pd-article-bg);
  color: var(--pd-article-fg);
  font-family: var(--pd-article-sans);
  line-height: 1.65;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}

.paperdigest-article-page *,
.paperdigest-article-page *::before,
.paperdigest-article-page *::after {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

.paperdigest-article-page a {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.paperdigest-article-page img,
.paperdigest-article-page svg {
  display: block;
}

.pd-article-shell {
  width: calc(100% - 32px);
  max-width: none;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.pd-article-empty {
  margin: 48px 0;
  color: var(--pd-article-muted);
}

.pd-article-hero {
  position: relative;
  padding: 76px 0 64px;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--pd-article-border);
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 12% 12%, rgba(236, 242, 255, 0.95), transparent 30%),
    linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.98) 0%, #f8fbff 100%);
}

.pd-article-hero::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: auto -10% -45% 35%;
  height: 360px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(31, 94, 255, 0.08), transparent 65%);
  pointer-events: none;
}

.pd-article-hero-grid {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 36px;
  align-items: center;
}

.pd-article-hero--with-video .pd-article-hero-grid {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.05fr) minmax(320px, 0.75fr);
}

.pd-article-category-badge {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  width: fit-content;
  padding: 8px 12px;
  border: 1px solid var(--pd-article-border);
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.88);
  color: #143379;
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 760;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
}

.pd-article-hero-title {
  max-width: 830px;
  margin: 22px 0 18px;
  color: var(--pd-article-ink);
  font-family: var(--pd-article-serif);
  font-size: clamp(40px, 6vw, 78px);
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -0.055em;
  line-height: 0.95;
}

.pd-article-hero-subtitle {
  max-width: 760px;
  margin: 0;
  color: #556483;
  font-size: clamp(18px, 2vw, 22px);
  line-height: 1.48;
}

.pd-article-meta-row {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px;
  margin-top: 26px;
  color: var(--pd-article-muted);
  font-size: 14px;
}

.pd-article-meta-item {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 7px;
}

.pd-article-muted-link {
  font-weight: 760;
  color: var(--pd-article-fg);
  transition: opacity 160ms ease, transform 160ms ease;
}

.pd-article-muted-link:hover {
  opacity: 0.72;
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.pd-article-meta-dot {
  color: #b6b7b0;
}

.pd-article-hero-cta-row {
  margin-top: 30px;
}

.pd-article-button {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 8px;
  min-height: 44px;
  padding: 0 18px;
  border: 1px solid transparent;
  border-radius: 12px;
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 800;
  line-height: 1;
  cursor: pointer;
  white-space: nowrap;
  transition: transform 160ms ease, box-shadow 160ms ease, border-color 160ms ease, background 160ms ease;
}

.pd-article-button:focus-visible,
.paperdigest-article-page a:focus-visible,
.paperdigest-article-page button:focus-visible {
  outline: 3px solid rgba(17, 17, 17, 0.2);
  outline-offset: 3px;
}

.pd-article-button-secondary {
  color: #143379;
  background: #ffffff;
  border-color: var(--pd-article-border-strong);
  box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(31, 94, 255, 0.07);
}

.pd-article-button-secondary:hover {
  transform: translateY(-1px);
  border-color: #9eb6e8;
  box-shadow: 0 14px 26px rgba(31, 94, 255, 0.12);
}

.pd-article-button-ghost {
  color: #ffffff;
  background: transparent;
  border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.36);
}

.pd-article-hero-video-wrap {
  align-self: stretch;
}

.pd-article-video-card {
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid rgba(17, 17, 17, 0.12);
  border-radius: 24px;
  background: #111111;
  box-shadow: var(--pd-article-shadow);
}

.pd-article-video {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  min-height: 220px;
  max-height: 420px;
  background: #000000;
}

.pd-article-video-caption {
  margin: 14px 4px 0;
  color: var(--pd-article-muted);
  font-size: 14px;
}

.pd-article-main {
  padding: 52px 0 82px;
  background:
    linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(31, 94, 255, 0.06) 1px, transparent 1px),
    #f8faff;
  background-size: 42px 42px;
}

.pd-article-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 286px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 46px;
  align-items: start;
}

.pd-article-sidebar {
  display: block;
}

.pd-article-sidebar-sticky {
  position: sticky;
  top: 92px;
  display: grid;
  gap: 22px;
}

.pd-article-card {
  border: 1px solid var(--pd-article-border);
  border-radius: var(--pd-article-radius);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.94);
  box-shadow: 0 10px 34px rgba(17, 17, 17, 0.045);
}

.pd-article-toc-toggle {
  width: 100%;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 12px;
  padding: 16px 16px 13px;
  border: 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--pd-article-border);
  border-radius: var(--pd-article-radius) var(--pd-article-radius) 0 0;
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--pd-article-ink);
  font: inherit;
  font-weight: 850;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.pd-article-card-heading-left {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
}

.pd-article-toc-list {
  max-height: min(58vh, 520px);
  overflow: auto;
  padding: 9px 10px 12px;
}

.pd-article-toc-link {
  display: block;
  margin: 3px 0;
  padding: 9px 10px;
  border-radius: 11px;
  color: #5c626c;
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.35;
  transition: background 160ms ease, color 160ms ease, transform 160ms ease;
}

.pd-article-toc-link:hover,
.pd-article-toc-link.is-active {
  color: #111111;
  background: var(--pd-article-soft);
}

.pd-article-toc-link.level-3 {
  margin-left: 14px;
  font-size: 13px;
  color: #777d86;
}

.pd-article-toc-card.is-collapsed .pd-article-toc-list {
  display: none;
}

.pd-article-toc-chevron {
  transition: transform 160ms ease;
}

.pd-article-toc-card.is-collapsed .pd-article-toc-chevron {
  transform: rotate(-90deg);
}

.pd-article-original-card {
  padding: 18px;
}

.pd-article-eyebrow,
.pd-article-section-kicker,
.pd-article-banner-eyebrow,
.pd-article-related-category {
  color: #777260;
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 900;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.pd-article-paper-title {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-start;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 12px;
  margin-top: 10px;
  color: var(--pd-article-ink);
  font-family: var(--pd-article-serif);
  font-size: 18px;
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.2;
}

.pd-article-paper-meta {
  margin-top: 12px;
  color: var(--pd-article-muted);
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.pd-article-body {
  min-width: 0;
  max-width: 780px;
}

.pd-article-mobile-toc,
.pd-article-mobile-original {
  display: none;
}

.pd-article-keytakeaways {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 7px minmax(0, 1fr);
  overflow: hidden;
  margin-bottom: 36px;
  border: 1px solid var(--pd-article-border);
  border-radius: 22px;
  background: #ffffff;
  box-shadow: 0 18px 38px rgba(18, 18, 18, 0.055);
}

.pd-article-keytakeaways-bar {
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, #111111, #7b7569);
}

.pd-article-keytakeaways-content {
  padding: 22px 24px;
}

.pd-article-section-kicker {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  margin-bottom: 14px;
}

.pd-article-takeaway-list {
  display: grid;
  gap: 13px;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
}

.pd-article-takeaway-list li {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 30px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 12px;
  align-items: start;
  color: #343942;
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.pd-article-takeaway-index {
  width: 30px;
  height: 30px;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--pd-article-accent), var(--pd-article-accent-2));
  color: #ffffff;
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 900;
}

.pd-article-section {
  margin: 42px 0;
  scroll-margin-top: 92px;
}

.pd-article-section-title,
.pd-article-faq-title,
.pd-article-related-title,
.pd-article-features-cta h2,
.pd-article-banner h2 {
  margin: 0 0 18px;
  color: var(--pd-article-ink);
  font-family: var(--pd-article-serif);
  font-size: clamp(30px, 3vw, 43px);
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -0.04em;
  line-height: 1.08;
}

.pd-article-section h3 {
  margin: 28px 0 10px;
  color: var(--pd-article-ink);
  font-size: 22px;
  line-height: 1.22;
}

.pd-article-section p,
.pd-article-section li {
  color: #343942;
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.76;
}

.pd-article-section p {
  margin: 0 0 18px;
}

.pd-article-section ul,
.pd-article-section ol {
  margin: 16px 0 20px;
  padding-left: 24px;
}

.pd-article-section strong {
  color: var(--pd-article-ink);
}

.pd-article-blockquote {
  margin: 28px 0;
  padding: 22px 24px;
  border-left: 5px solid var(--pd-article-ink);
  border-radius: 0 18px 18px 0;
  background: var(--pd-article-soft);
}

.pd-article-blockquote p {
  margin: 0;
  color: #25282d;
  font-family: var(--pd-article-serif);
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: 22px;
  line-height: 1.45;
}

.pd-article-blockquote cite {
  display: block;
  margin-top: 12px;
  color: var(--pd-article-muted);
  font-size: 13px;
  font-style: normal;
  font-weight: 800;
}

.pd-article-highlight-box {
  margin: 24px 0;
  padding: 18px 20px;
  border: 1px solid var(--pd-article-border);
  border-radius: 18px;
  background: var(--pd-article-warm);
}

.pd-article-highlight-info {
  background: var(--pd-article-info);
}

.pd-article-highlight-warning {
  background: var(--pd-article-warning);
}

.pd-article-highlight-box strong {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  color: var(--pd-article-ink);
}

.pd-article-highlight-box p {
  margin: 0;
}

.pd-article-figure-grid {
  display: grid;
  gap: 20px;
}

.pd-article-figure {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 18px;
  border: 1px solid var(--pd-article-border);
  border-radius: 18px;
  background: #ffffff;
}

.pd-article-figure img {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  border-radius: 12px;
  border: 1px solid var(--pd-article-border);
}

.pd-article-figure figcaption {
  margin-top: 12px;
  color: var(--pd-article-ink);
  font-weight: 850;
}

.pd-article-features-cta,
.pd-article-faq-section,
.pd-article-related {
  margin: 46px 0;
  padding: 28px;
  border: 1px solid var(--pd-article-border);
  border-radius: 24px;
  background: #ffffff;
  box-shadow: 0 16px 42px rgba(18, 18, 18, 0.055);
}

.pd-article-feature-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 14px;
  margin-top: 22px;
}

.pd-article-feature-card {
  padding: 18px;
  border: 1px solid var(--pd-article-border);
  border-radius: 18px;
  background: var(--pd-article-soft);
}

.pd-article-feature-icon {
  width: 42px;
  height: 42px;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  margin-bottom: 14px;
  border-radius: 14px;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--pd-article-accent), var(--pd-article-accent-2));
  color: #ffffff;
}

.pd-article-feature-card h3 {
  margin: 0 0 8px;
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.2;
}

.pd-article-feature-card p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--pd-article-muted);
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.pd-article-features-cta-link {
  display: inline-flex;
  margin-top: 20px;
  font-weight: 900;
}

.pd-article-banner {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  margin: 50px 0;
  padding: 34px;
  border-radius: 28px;
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 85% 10%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2), transparent 24%),
    linear-gradient(135deg, var(--pd-article-accent) 0%, var(--pd-article-accent-2) 100%);
  color: #ffffff;
}

.pd-article-banner h2,
.pd-article-banner p {
  color: #ffffff;
}

.pd-article-banner p {
  max-width: 640px;
  margin: 0 0 22px;
  opacity: 0.82;
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.pd-article-banner-eyebrow {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  color: #ecf2ff;
}

.pd-article-banner-actions {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 12px;
}

.pd-article-banner .pd-article-button-secondary {
  color: #143379 !important;
  background: #ffffff !important;
  border-color: #b8c7e7 !important;
  box-shadow: 0 14px 30px rgba(18, 43, 82, 0.18);
}

.pd-article-banner .pd-article-button-secondary:hover {
  border-color: #9eb6e8 !important;
}

.pd-article-banner .pd-article-button-ghost {
  color: #ffffff !important;
  border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.36) !important;
}

.pd-article-faq-list {
  display: grid;
  gap: 10px;
}

.pd-article-faq-item {
  border: 1px solid var(--pd-article-border);
  border-radius: 16px;
  background: var(--pd-article-soft);
}

.pd-article-faq-question {
  width: 100%;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 14px;
  padding: 17px 18px;
  border: 0;
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--pd-article-ink);
  font: inherit;
  font-size: 16px;
  font-weight: 850;
  text-align: left;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.pd-article-faq-question svg {
  flex: 0 0 auto;
  transition: transform 160ms ease;
}

.pd-article-faq-item.is-open .pd-article-faq-question svg {
  transform: rotate(180deg);
}

.pd-article-faq-answer {
  display: none;
  padding: 0 18px 18px;
}

.pd-article-faq-item.is-open .pd-article-faq-answer {
  display: block;
}

.pd-article-faq-answer p {
  margin: 0;
  color: #424852;
}

.pd-article-related-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 14px;
}

.pd-article-related-card {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  min-height: 230px;
  padding: 18px;
  border: 1px solid var(--pd-article-border);
  border-radius: 18px;
  background: var(--pd-article-soft);
  transition: border-color 160ms ease, box-shadow 160ms ease, transform 160ms ease;
}

.pd-article-related-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  border-color: var(--pd-article-border-strong);
  box-shadow: 0 18px 32px rgba(18, 18, 18, 0.08);
}

.pd-article-related-card h3 {
  margin: 12px 0 10px;
  color: var(--pd-article-ink);
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.25;
}

.pd-article-related-card p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--pd-article-muted);
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.pd-article-related-meta {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 12px;
  margin-top: auto;
  padding-top: 18px;
  color: #30343b;
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 850;
}

.pd-article-related-meta span:first-child {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
}

@media (max-width: 1080px) {
  .pd-article-hero--with-video .pd-article-hero-grid {
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
  }

  .pd-article-grid {
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 0;
  }

  .pd-article-sidebar {
    display: none;
  }

  .pd-article-mobile-toc,
  .pd-article-mobile-original {
    display: block;
  }

  .pd-article-body {
    max-width: 820px;
    margin: 0 auto;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 820px) {
  .pd-article-shell {
    width: min(100% - 24px, var(--pd-article-max));
  }

  .pd-article-hero {
    padding: 48px 0 42px;
  }

  .pd-article-hero-title {
    font-size: clamp(36px, 11vw, 56px);
  }

  .pd-article-main {
    padding: 28px 0 58px;
    background-size: 30px 30px;
  }

  .pd-article-keytakeaways,
  .pd-article-features-cta,
  .pd-article-faq-section,
  .pd-article-related,
  .pd-article-banner {
    border-radius: 20px;
  }

  .pd-article-feature-grid,
  .pd-article-related-grid {
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
  }

  .pd-article-section p,
  .pd-article-section li {
    font-size: 17px;
  }

  .pd-article-features-cta,
  .pd-article-faq-section,
  .pd-article-related,
  .pd-article-banner {
    padding: 22px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 520px) {
  .pd-article-hero-title {
    letter-spacing: -0.045em;
  }

  .pd-article-meta-row {
    gap: 8px;
  }

  .pd-article-meta-dot {
    display: none;
  }

  .pd-article-hero-cta-row .pd-article-button,
  .pd-article-banner-actions .pd-article-button {
    width: 100%;
  }

  .pd-article-keytakeaways-content {
    padding: 18px;
  }

  .pd-article-takeaway-list li {
    grid-template-columns: 28px minmax(0, 1fr);
  }
}

/* ── AI-Generated Content Disclaimer (MS-ART-SEC-004) ─────────────────── */

.pd-article-disclaimer {
  background: var(--pd-article-soft-2);
  border: 1px solid var(--pd-article-border);
  border-left: 4px solid var(--pd-article-accent-2);
  border-radius: var(--pd-article-radius);
  padding: 1.25rem 1.5rem;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--pd-article-muted);
}

.pd-article-disclaimer-title {
  margin: 0 0 0.75rem;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--pd-article-fg);
}

.pd-article-disclaimer p {
  margin: 0 0 0.75rem;
}

.pd-article-disclaimer p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.pd-article-disclaimer a {
  color: var(--pd-article-accent-2);
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.pd-article-disclaimer-attribution {
  font-size: 0.8125rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--pd-article-border);
  padding-top: 0.75rem;
  margin-top: 0.75rem;
}

@media (max-width: 520px) {
  .pd-article-disclaimer {
    padding: 1rem 1.125rem;
    font-size: 0.8125rem;
  }

  .pd-article-disclaimer-title {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
  }
}